Answer:
(a) 9.35 L (b) water will naturally settle at the bottom while oil will float on water which will affect how water extinguishes a fire.
Explanation:
(a) Using the equation below:
Where:
Q = energy in joules = 2.80*10^7 J
m = mass of water (kg)
= specific heat capacity of water = 4184 J/(kg*K)
= specific heat capacity of steam = 1996 J/(kg*K)
L = the latent heat of vaporization of water = 2260 kJ/kg
= 20 + 273.15 = 293.15 K
= 100 + 273.15 = 393.15 K
= 300 + 273.15 = 573.15 K
Therefore:
2.8*10^7 = m[4184(373.15-293.15)+2260000+ 1996(573.15-373.15)
2.8*10^7 = m[334720+2260000+399200]
2.8*10^7 = m[2993920]
Thus, m = 9.35 kg
However, mass = volume*density. And one liter of water has a mass of 1 kg.
Thus, the number of liters of water = 9.35 L
(b) Crude oil is less dense than water means the density of water is higher than that of crude oil. As a result of this, water will naturally settle at the bottom while oil will float on water which will affect how water extinguishes a fire.