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3 years ago

Ernest Rutherford's experiment led him to change the outlook on atom because

Chemistry

1 answer:

qaws [65]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

What led him to change his outlook was because in his experiment, when he fired positively charged alpha particles at a piece of gold foil, he observed that some of the alpha particles were deflected to some degree, and some others bounced back directly toward him.

Explanation:

In his experiment, he fired positively charged alpha particles at a piece of gold foil.

Now, after doing that he observed that some of the alpha particles were deflected to some degree, and some others bounced back directly toward him.

After those observations, he felt that for the order of the alpha particles to have been deflected, they would possibly have been hit or come close to being hit by a positively charged particle in the atom. This made him to conclude that an atom consists mostly of empty space, with a very small and dense but positively charged nucleus at the center. And that this nucleus contains most of the mass of the atom, while the electrons orbit the nucleus.

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A particular solution of NaOH has hydronium concentration of 4x10-9 M. what is the solution’s pH?

bearhunter [10]

Answer:

The pH of the solution is 8, 40-

Explanation:

The pH indicates the acidity or basicity of a substance. PH values between 0 and less than 7 indicate acidic solutions, 7 neutral and greater than 7 to 14 basic. It is calculated as

pH = -log (H30+)

pH= -log (4x10-9M)

pH=8,40

8 0

3 years ago

The value of the entropy change for the process N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) --> 2NH₃ (g) is ________.

kodGreya [7K]

Answer:

negative

Explanation:

Entropy is a measure of the "disorder" in a system.

In this reaction, the amount of disorder decreases. This is because one gas molecule (NH₃) has more order than two gas molecules (N₂ and H₂). Therefore, the entropy change should be negative.

5 0

1 year ago

What is the balanced symbol equation for magnesium chloride + sodium carbonate --> magnesium carbonate + sodium chloride

Semenov [28]

Answer:

MgCl₂+ Na₂CO₃ ==> MgCO₃ + NaCl

From a quick observation

You see that the right hand side of the eqn is deficient of Sodium and Chlorine

Simply Add a Coefficient of 2 to NaCl to balance it with the left.

Your answer now becomes

MgCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ ==> MgCO₃ + 2NaCl.✅

3 0

2 years ago

What mass, in grams, of CO2 and H2O is formed from 2.55 mol of propane?

oksian1 [2.3K]

Answer:

336.6 grams of CO₂ and 183.6 grams of H₂O are formed from 2.55 moles of propane.

Explanation:

In this case, the balanced reaction is:

C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

By stoichiometry of the reaction (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of reactant and product participate in the reaction:

C₃H₈: 1 mole
O₂: 5 moles
CO₂: 3 moles
H₂O: 4 moles

Being the molar mass of each compound:

C₃H₈: 44 g/mole
O₂: 16 g/mole
CO₂: 44 g/mole
H₂O: 18 g/mole

Then, by stoichiometry, the following quantities of mass participate in the reaction:

C₃H₈: 1 mole* 44 g/mole= 44 grams
O₂: 5 moles* 16 g/mole= 80 grams
CO₂: 3 moles* 44 g/mole= 132 grams
H₂O: 4 moles* 18 g/mole= 72 grams

So you can apply the following rules of three:

If by stoichiometry 1 mole of C₃H₈ forms 132 grams of CO₂, 2.55 moles of C₃H₈ how much mass of CO₂ will it form?

$mass of CO_{2} =\frac{2.55 moles of C_{3} H_{8}*132 gramsof CO_{2} }{ 1 mole of C_{3} H_{8}}$

mass of CO₂= 336.6 grams

If by stoichiometry 1 mole of C₃H₈ forms 72 grams of H₂O, 2.55 moles of C₃H₈ how much mass of H₂O will it form?

$mass of H_{2}O =\frac{2.55 moles of C_{3} H_{8}*72 gramsof H_{2}O }{ 1 mole of C_{3} H_{8}}$

mass of H₂O= 183.6 grams

336.6 grams of CO₂ and 183.6 grams of H₂O are formed from 2.55 moles of propane.

3 0

3 years ago

Determine if each statement is True or False. [ Select ] Central atoms with four electron groups will be sp3 hybridized. [ Selec

meriva

Answer:

Central atoms with four electron groups will be sp3 hybridized. True

Hybrid orbitals are delocalized over the entire molecule. False

The number of hybrid orbitals is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that are blended together. True

Atoms with a single pi bond and an octet are sp2 hybridized. True

Sometimes oxygen atoms will be sp3d hybridized in organic molecules. False

All resonance structures must be considered when assigning hybridization. False

Explanation:

When a central atom has four electron groups attached to it, then it must be sp3 hybridized. This is the case in ammonia, water, hydrogen sulphide, methane etc.

Hybridization is a valence bond concept while delocalization is a molecular orbital theory concept. Hybridized orbitals are localized on central atoms in a molecule while delocalized orbitals spread across the entire molecule.

According to valence bond theory, the number of atomic orbitals that combined to give hybrid orbitals must be equal to the number of hybrid orbitals formed.

When an atom has a single pi bond and on octet of electrons, then it must be sp2 hybridized. Remember that in ethene for instance, carbon has one pi bond and an octet of electrons.

Oxygen has an empty n=3 level hence it can not have d-orbitals involved in hybridization.

The electron domain geometry of the molecule is considered when assigning hybridization and not the resonance structures. All the resonance structures must have the central atom in the same hybridization state.

8 0

3 years ago