Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants. Free radicals are molecules that contain oxygen with an uneven number of electrons. Antioxidants are responsible for giving the free radical an electron to stabilize it and make it become less reactive. Our bodies can be exposed to oxidative stress through radiation from the ultraviolet light. It can be exposed through cigarette smoke. As well as being exposed through pollution in the air and water.
All of the above since they are all caused by a virus.
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The main processes involved in pharmacokinetics are absorption, distribution, and the two routes of drug elimination, metabolism and excretion. Together they are sometimes known by the acronym 'ADME'.
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