Answer:
Pleurisy
Explanation:
Pleurisy is a medical condition caused by the inflammation of the pleura membranes. The pleural membranes are vital part of the respiratory system. These membranes which surround the lungs and lines the inner chest wall, help to give cushion and reduce friction in the lungs. When the pleural membranes become inflamed, the surfaces become tough and sticky, thereby causing the sharp pain the person feels in the chest while breathing.
Answer:
OH, H2O2 and O−2
Explanation:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be defined as highly reactive chemical compounds formed from molecular oxygen (O2). ROS are generated as a normal product of cellular metabolism, and also as a response to different environmental/internal cellular stimuli (e.g., cytokines, xenobiotics, pathogenic invasion). For example, hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are a type of ROS generated in the mitochondria which are capable of inducing oxidative stress in different cells and also trigger chronic inflammation. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules represent another type of ROS which are produced during the stereoselective deamination of amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. These molecules (H2O2) exhibit toxic effects on the cell (e.g., DNA damage). Finally, singlet oxygen (1O2) is an excited state of molecular oxygen (O2) that is generated during photosynthesis in the photosystem II (PSII) of chloroplasts.
Answer:
cardiovascular and blood vessals
Explanation:
