Answer:
a).β=0.53
T
a).β=0.40 
T
Explanation:
The magnetic field at distance 'r' from the center of toroid is given by:
a).
b).
The distance is the radius add the cross section so:
Answer:
The solution was to implement an absolute magnitude scale to provide a reference between stars. To do so, astronomers calculate the brightness of stars as they would appear if it were 32.6 light-years, or 10 parsecs from Earth.
Explanation:
Normal force for the rock because that makes an object stable at its position.
static friction because micro-welts hold its particle on its position so it doesn't change in position by a potential energy. Gravity makes it stay on the ground because its force attraction between an object and the earth.
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Answer:
a) R = ρ₀ L /π(r_b² - R_a²)
, b) ρ₀ = V / I π (r_b² - R_a²) / L
Explanation:
a) The resistance of a material is given by
R = ρ l / A
where ρ is the resistivity, l is the length and A is the area
the length is l = L and the resistivity is ρ = ρ₀
the area is the area of the cylindrical shell
A = π r_b² - π r_a²
A = π (r_b² - r_a²)
we substitute
R = ρ₀ L /π(r_b² - R_a²)
b) The potential difference is related to current and resistance by ohm's law
V = i R
we subsist the expression of resistance
V = I ρ₀ L /π (r_b² - R_a²)
ρ₀ = V / I π (r_b² - R_a²) / L
Seismic wave is the answer
