Scientists should not have the ability to patent their own research methods as this prevents additionally scientific knowledge to be present within the experimental sciences. The last step of the scientific method is to communicate and share your own findings, and without the ability to do so, it prevents constructive criticisms of the method as well as improvements that would otherwise be prevented from patenting. In the field of genetic engineering specifically, the Human Genome project or (HGP) was an international scientific investigation that promoted communication between scientists rather than the restriction of scientific knowledge. The results of this international collaboration led to multitudes of information being presented regarding human genetic makeup. Therefore, patents ultimately prevent the progression of the sciences and scientific knowledge.
I dont know if there are typos but hopefully this helps.
Answer:
Approximately 20,500 genes
Explanation:
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was a 13-year international research effort aimed at determining the entire DNA sequence of the human genome. The HGP was launched in 1990 and completed in April 2013. This project helped to identify and physically map all the genes of the human genome. The sequence obtained from the HGP has been a very useful point of reference in order to identify and characterize mutations associated with genetic disorders. The HGP predicted approximately 20,500 genes (each of them produces an average of three proteins), which are distributed in the 23 pairs of chromosomes in the cells of our body.
Answer:
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Explanation:
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, nonacid-fast, nonmotile bacterium. Distributed worldwide, E. rhusiopathiae is primarily considered an animal pathogen, causing the disease known as erysipelas that may affect a wide range of animals.
1) Oxygen
2) Carbon
3) Hydrogen (water)
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Answer:
3. An even number of chromosomes are required for synapsis during prophase I and proper pairing during metaphase
Explanation:
Mules are hybrids of a cross between a female horse and a male donkey. Horses contain 64 chromosomes while donkeys contain 63 chromosomes in their somatic cells respectively. This means that they each produce 32 and 31 chromosomes respectively during meiosis. A mule, hence, contains 32+31= 63 chromosomes in their somatic cells.
This chromosome number in mules are uneven for meiosis to occur because meiotic division requires that an even number of homologous chromosomes pair together in a process called SYNAPSIS during prophase I of meiosis I. This is impossible in a mule because of the uneven number of chromosomes in its cells.
Also, during metaphase of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes need to be properly aligned at the equator for separation to occur. This is also impossible in a mule considering the number of chromosomes that don't add up.
Due to this reason of unevenness in the number of chromosomes present in a mule, meiosis will not occur and if meiosis (gamete formation) does not occur, reproduction cannot take place. Therefore, the mule is a sterile species i.e. cannot produce offsprings via sexual reproduction.
