Speciation is b. the process by which new species are formed. They are often caused by the isolation of certain organisms in terms of environment or geographical area. This is part of the evolutionary changes that various species undergo to brought about by natural selection.
Answer: 3. gravitropism
The movement of plants in response to stimuli is called as tropism. Plants respond to different stimuli like light (phototropism), water present in the soil (hydrotropism), gravity (gravitropism) and touch (thigmotropism).
Gravitropism refers the growth and movement of plant parts with respect to the force of gravity exerted by earth. The roots shows positive gravitational tropism because they are growing towards earth gravity. The shoots or stems shows negative gravitational tropism because they are moving or growing against the gravity.
The offspring inherited the dominant traits from the parent which made it automatically fully dominant. In DNA, dominant alleles mixed with recessive alleles will make 100% dominant offspring. The offspring inherited those chromosomes, which made the white trait not show up.
The third law of motion says: for every action, there is and equal and opposite reaction. In the case of the octopus, this is nicely demonstrated with it's method of travelling. The octopus makes an action, which is it shooting water at high rates in a certain direction, and the equal and opposite reaction is that the octopus's shooting of water in certain direction, moves him into the opposite direction with the rate that it is shooting the water.
