Answer:
The atom is composed of negative particles (electrons) and positive particles (protons). The negative particles are relatively small and far from the positive particles, which are relatively large. As the negative particles moved away from the positive particles they created an electrically charged invisible beam.
Explanation:
Thomson used a Crookes ampoule, that is, closed glass tubes with one positive and one negative electrode containing gases at extremely low pressures. He subjected these gases to very high voltages, so it was possible to observe the emergence of emissions, which were called cathode rays. Then an external electric field was placed and finally it was found that the cathode ray beam was deflected, always going in the direction and direction of the positively charged plate. Therefore, these emissions had negative charges.
In this experiment, it was possible to realize that an atom is composed of negative particles (electrons) and positive particles (protons). The negative particles are relatively small and distant from the positive particles, which are relatively large. As the negative particles moved away from the positive particles, they created an invisible electrically charged beam. Also, because of the distance between the positive and negative particles, the negative particles are easily removed.
