How is the mechanical efficiency of a machine usually expressed?
1 answer:
Answer:
As a percentage
Explanation:
The mechanical efficiency of a machine is the percentage of energy in input to the machine that is converted into useful work.
Mathematically, the efficiency of a machine is given by:
where:
W is the useful work in output from the machine
E is the energy in input to the machine
For example, a machine with 80% efficiency means that it converts 80% of the input energy into work.
A machine can never be 100% efficient, since part of the input energy is wasted due to the presence of frictional forces.
So, the efficiency of a machine is expressed as a percentage.
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Answer:
r = 0.11 m
Explanation:
The radius of the proton's resulting orbit can be calculated equaling the force centripetal (Fc) with the Lorentz force (), as follows:
(1)
<u>Where:</u>
<em>m: is the proton's mass = 1.67*10⁻²⁷ kg</em>
<em>v: is the proton's velocity</em>
<em>r: is the radius of the proton's orbit</em>
<em>q: is the proton charge = 1.6*10⁻¹⁹ C</em>
<em>B: is the magnetic field = 0.040 T </em>
Solving equation (1) for r, we have:
(2)
By conservation of energy, we can find the velocity of the proton:
(3)
<u>Where:</u>
<em>K: is kinetic energy</em>
<em>U: is electrostatic potential energy</em>
<em>ΔV: is the potential difference = 1.0 kV </em>
Solving equation (3) for v, we have:
Now, by introducing v into equation (2), we can find the radius of the proton's resulting orbit:
Therefore, the radius of the proton's resulting orbit is 0.11 m.
I hope it helps you!