Netherlands, France, and other European countries.
Explanation:
The Parliament of England enacted the Navigation Acts during the 17th and 18th centuries. The main motive behind passing the Navigation Acts was to boost the profit of England obtained from its colonies. Under this act, provisions were made that stopped the colonies to import any good produced outside of England unless the products were initially brought to England, where charges were paid. The Navigation Acts of the 1600s were intended to prevent Netherlands, France, and other European countries from trading with the colonies of England.
