Explanation:
Boiling is defined as a process in which vapor pressure of a liquid substance becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure.
During this change liquid and vapors remain in equilibrium and the equation for this change is as follows.
Therefore, when boiling takes place then average kinetic energy of particles in liquid phase equals to the average kinetic energy of particles in vapor phase.
Hence, we can increase the kinetic energy of particles in liquid phase by increasing the temperature because kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature as follows.
K.E = 
Answer:
Write a balanced chemical reaction:
N2 + 3H2 ==> 2NH3
Looking at the mole ratios in this balanced equation you can see it takes 3 moles H2 to make 2 moles NH3. So, next calculate the moles of NH3 represented by 1.80 g and then convert to moles of H2 needed:
moles of NH3 = 1.80 g x 1 mole/17 g = 0.106 moles NH3
Moles H2 needed = 0.106 moles NH3 x 3 moles H2/2 moles NH3 = 0.159 moles H2 needed
Grams H2 needed = 0.159 moles x 2 g/mole = 0.318 grams H2 needed
Explanation:
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There are two kinds of forces, or attractions, that operate in a molecule—intramolecularand intermolecular. Let's try to understand this difference through the following example.

Figure of towels sewn and Velcroed representing bonds between hydrogen and chlorine atoms
We have six towels—three are purple in color, labeled hydrogen and three are pink in color, labeled chlorine. We are given a sewing needle and black thread to sew one hydrogen towel to one chlorine towel. After sewing, we now have three pairs of towels: hydrogen sewed to chlorine. The next step is to attach these three pairs of towels to each other. For this we use Velcro as shown above.
So, the result of this exercise is that we have six towels attached to each other through thread and Velcro. Now if I ask you to pull this assembly from both ends, what do you think will happen? The Velcro junctions will fall apart while the sewed junctions will stay as is. The attachment created by Velcro is much weaker than the attachment created by the thread that we used to sew the pairs of towels together. A slight force applied to either end of the towels can easily bring apart the Velcro junctions without tearing apart the sewed junctions.
Exactly the same situation exists in molecules. Just imagine the towels to be real atoms, such as hydrogen and chlorine. These two atoms are bound to each other through a polar covalent bond—analogous to the thread. Each hydrogen chloride molecule in turn is bonded to the neighboring hydrogen chloride molecule through a dipole-dipole attraction—analogous to Velcro. We’ll talk about dipole-dipole interactions in detail a bit later. The polar covalent bond is much stronger in strength than the dipole-dipole interaction. The former is termed an intramolecular attraction while the latter is termed an intermolecular attraction.
