<span>The answer is simply that evolution takes a long time to make big changes. To see evidence of that, you have to look at older records. You have to look at fossils.</span>
Answer:
Option 2 - Standard deviation
Explanation:
To find : Which measure of dispersion indicates the extent to which each individual score in a data set varies from the mean of that set?
Solution :
Standard deviation is defined as,
- It is a mathematical measure that is used to evaluate the difference between the mean value of a set of number and each value in the group.
- It is calculated as the square root of variance by determining the variation between each data point relative to the mean.
The measure of dispersion that indicates how much scores in a sample vary around the mean of the sample is the standard deviation.
Therefore, option 2 is correct.
Flourine:
There are 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 9 electrons.
Bromine: Ther are 35 protons, 45 neutrons, and 35 electrons.
a) Density at 100 degrees: 
Explanation:
The density of mercury at 0 degrees is 
Let's take 1 kg of mercury. Its volume at 0 degrees is

The formula to calculate the volumetric expansion of the mercury is:

where
is the cubic expansivity of mercury
V is the initial volume
is the increase in temperature
In this part of the problem, 
So, the expansion is

So, the new density is

b) Density at 22 degrees: 
We can apply the same formula we used before, the only difference here is that the increase in temperature is

And the volumetric expansion is

So, the new density is

Answer:
The potential difference through which an electron accelerates to produce x rays is
.
Explanation:
It is given that,
Wavelength of the x -rays, 
The energy of the x- rays is given by :

The energy of an electron in terms of potential difference is given by :

So,

V is the potential difference
e is the charge on electron


V = 12431.25 volts
or

So, the potential difference through which an electron accelerates to produce x rays is
. hence, this is the required solution.