a. I've attached a plot of the surface. Each face is parameterized by
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b. Assuming you want outward flux, first compute the outward-facing normal vectors for each face.





Then integrate the dot product of <em>f</em> with each normal vector over the corresponding face.










c. You can get the total flux by summing all the fluxes found in part b; you end up with 42π - 56/3.
Alternatively, since <em>S</em> is closed, we can find the total flux by applying the divergence theorem.

where <em>R</em> is the interior of <em>S</em>. We have

The integral is easily computed in cylindrical coordinates:


as expected.
kinetic energy or potential energy
sorry idek i learned this like 2 years ago
Answer:
B-Large groups of stars held together by gravity
Explanation:
The universe has trillions of galaxies and counting. Astronomers give names to each galaxy base on its shape (e.i, Sombrero galaxy, Milkyway Galazy, ect,.).
Also, the size of the galaxy is taken into account and their color.