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nlexa [21]
3 years ago
12

A student writes the following explanation of how one type of compound is formed.

Chemistry
1 answer:
enyata [817]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

<u>Polymerization process(Addition)</u>

Explanation:

<u>Polymerization </u>: The process in which small units called monomers combine to produce large mass compound is called polymerization reaction.These large masses are also called macromolecules.

The formation of polymers can occur by addition or condensation process .

<u><em>Addition</em></u> : In addition reaction small units add to previous units

<em><u>Condensation</u></em> : In condensation , a small molecule like water , carbon dioxide get eliminated when the unit attach to previous unit.

Some natural polymers are Proteins , carbohydrates , lipids , cellulose.

Polythene = addition polymerisation also known as Chain growth polymerisation.

nCH_{2}=CH_{2}\rightarrow (-CH_{2}CH_{2}-)_{n}

This occur in three steps:

1. Chain Initiation : The start of the reaction occurs with the radical. These are generated from some organic peroxide and have general representation:

R^{.}

2 . Chain Growth = When the small units goes on adding to the previous units , Chain length increases and this is called chain growth.

3. Chain Termination = The chain continues to grow more and more until not forced to stop. This termination of chain growth is called chain termination

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0.065 moles

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It is the portion of internal energy that can be transferred from one substance to another.

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How many hydrogen atoms are in 4.40 mol of ammonium sulfide
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 The number  of hydrogen  atoms  that are  in 4.40  mol  of ammonium sulfide is  2.12 x10^25  atoms

      calculation
 find the number of moles  of Hydrogen  in ammonium sulfide  (NH4)2S

that is  4.40  x  number of hydrogen atoms in (NH4)2S ( 4x2= 8  atoms)

moles is  therefore=  4.40  x8= 35.2  moles

by  use of  Avogadro's law  constant

that is  1mole =  6.02 x10^23 atoms
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by  cross multiplication
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Ca(s) + O₂(g) + S(s) → CaSO4(s)
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The mass of Calcium required to complete this reaction is 4.008 g.

  • Law of conservation of mass states that In a closed system, mass cannot be produced or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another.
  • The mass of the chemical constituents before a chemical reaction is equal to the mass of the constituents after the reaction.
  • In several disciplines, including chemistry, mechanics, and fluid dynamics, the idea of mass conservation is widely applied.

In the given reaction mass of product after completion of reaction is 13.614 g that means total mass of constituents before reaction should also be 13.614.

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mass of Ca + mass of O₂ + mass of S = mass of CaSO4

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mass of Ca = 13.614 - 9.606 = 4.008 g

Therefore, by law of conservation of mass 4.008 g of Ca is required for the completion of the reaction.

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In Grignard reaction, Biphenyl and benzene are common side products which are removed during trituration.

In organic chemistry, a reaction in which the Grignard reagents or organometallic substances are added to organic compounds such as aldehydes and ketones to form alcohol is known as Grignard reaction.

These Grignard reagents are magnesium halides of alkyl, vinyl or allyl, which react with a carbonyl group to form alcohols.

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These are removed during trituration process in which cold petroleum ether is added to dissolve the biphenyl and benzene side products

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