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3 years ago

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The reason carbon dating works is that A. there is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air. B. when a plant or animal

dies, it stops producing oxygen. C. plants and animals are such strong emitters of carbon-14. D. after a plant or animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14. E. none of the above

1 answer:

yuradex [85]3 years ago

7 0

D. There is a known constant concentration of C14 in Nature. As we consume living things to survive our bodies (made of carbon) stop replenishing our body's carbon (we stop eating) and start to decay. Since we know the 1/2 life of C14 and the ratio of C14 to normal C12 we can determine fairly accurately how long ago a thing stopped consuming carbon (e.g. when it died)

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1 year ago

What is the (magnitude of the) centripetal acceleration (as a multiple of g=9.8~\mathrm{m/s^2}g=9.8 m/s 2 ) towards the Eart

Wittaler [7]

Answer:

The centripetal acceleration as a multiple of $g=9.8 m/s^{2}$ is $1.020x10^{-3}m/s^{2}$

Explanation:

The centripetal acceleration is defined as:

$a = \frac{v^{2}}{r}$ (1)

Where v is the velocity and r is the radius

Since the person is standing in the Earth surfaces, their velocity will be the same of the Earth. That one can be determined by means of the orbital velocity:

$v = \frac{2 \pi r}{T}$ (2)

Where r is the radius and T is the period.

For this case the person is standing at a latitude $71.9^{\circ}$ . Remember that the latitude is given from the equator. The configuration of this system is shown in the image below.

It is necessary to use the radius at the latitude given. That radius can be found by means of trigonometric.

$\cos \theta = \frac{adjacent}{hypotenuse}$

$\cos \theta = \frac{r_{71.9^{\circ}}}{r_{e}}$ (3)

Where $r_{71.9^{\circ}}$ is the radius at the latitude of $71.9^{\circ}$ and $r_{e}$ is the radius at the equator ( $6.37x10^{6}m$ ).

$r_{71.9^{\circ}}$ can be isolated from equation 3:

$r_{71.9^{\circ}} = r_{e} \cos \theta$ (4)

$r_{71.9^{\circ}} = (6.37x10^{6}m) \cos (71.9^{\circ})$

$r_{71.9^{\circ}} = 1.97x10^{6} m$

Then, equation 2 can be used

$v = \frac{2 \pi (1.97x10^{6} m)}{24h}$

Notice that the period is the time that the Earth takes to give a complete revolution (24 hours), this period will be expressed in seconds for a better representation of the velocity.

$T = 24h . \frac{3600s}{1h}$ ⇒ $84600s$

$v = \frac{2 \pi (1.97x10^{6} m)}{84600s}$

$v = 146.31m/s$

Finally, equation 1 can be used:

$a = \frac{(146.31m/s)^{2}}{(1.97x10^{6}m)}$

$a = 0.010m/s^{2}$

Hence, the centripetal acceleration is $0.010m/s^{2}$

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$\frac{0.010m/s^{2}}{9.8 m/s^{2}} = 1.020x10^{-3}m/s^{2}$

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