They would be genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
Eukaryotic cells have been confronted throughout their evolution with potentially lethal plasma membrane injuries, including those caused by osmotic stress, by infection from bacterial toxins and parasites, and by mechanical and ischemic stress. The wounded cell can survive if a rapid repair response is mounted that restores boundary integrity. Calcium has been identified as the key trigger to activate an effective membrane repair response that utilizes exocytosis and endocytosis to repair a membrane tear, or remove a membrane pore. We here review what is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of membrane repair, with particular emphasis on the relevance of repair as it relates to disease pathologies. Collective evidence reveals membrane repair employs primitive yet robust molecular machinery, such as vesicle fusion and contractile rings, processes evolutionarily honed for simplicity and success. Yet to be fully understood is whether core membrane repair machinery exists in all cells, or whether evolutionary adaptation has resulted in multiple compensatory repair pathways that specialize in different tissues and cells within our body.
Answer:
A, B, C
Explanation:
Freshwater wetlands are defined as the lands which have natural supply of water for the whole season due to geological or ecological factors such as tidal flows, connections with groundwater or flooding rivers.
There are three main types of freshwater wetlands swamp, marsh and bog.
A Swamp are able to support tall shrubs, tress, herbs and mosses to grow . These are covered with floodd water or gently flowing water and waterlogged soils prevent woody debris to decompose completely.
Marsh is found near lake, tidal water or rivers and remain flooded periodically. Marsh are the grassy areas covered by shallow water and help to overgrown with coarse grasses, rushes and sedges.
Bog is defined as an area where moss or mots decomposes slowly and form peat . They are characterized by acidic waters, a floor covered by a thick carpet of sphagnum moss and spongy peat deposits. they are generally found in northern climates which support precipitation of water.
Hence, the correct answer is A, B, C.
Answer:
The lac operon is an operon, or group of genes with a single promoter (transcribed as a single mRNA). The genes in the operon encode proteins that allow the bacteria to use lactose as an energy source. coli normally metabolise glucose, but if glucose is not available in a new environment, the lac operon can allow E. coli to metabolise lactose, the sugar found in milk using the structural genes beta-galactosidase and lactose permease. The lac operon of E. coli contains genes involved in lactose metabolism. ... It normally blocks transcription of the operon, but stops acting as a repressor when lactose is present. The lac repressor senses lactose indirectly, through its isomer allolactose.
Explanation:
