The Group 3A metals have three valence electrons in their highest-energy orbitals (ns2p1). They have higher ionization energies than the Group 1A and 2A elements, and are ionized to form a 3+ charges. The Group 3A metals are silvery in appearance, and like all metals are good conductors of electricity.
Ionic bonds are forces that hold together electrostatic forces of attractions between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds have an electronegativity difference greater than or equal to 2. Covalent bonds have an electronegativity difference that is less than 2.
Explanation:
Reaction equation is as follows.

Here, 1 mole of
produces 2 moles of cations.
![[Na^{+}] = 2[Na_{2}SO_{3}] = 2 \times 0.58](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BNa%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%3D%202%5BNa_%7B2%7DSO_%7B3%7D%5D%20%3D%202%20%5Ctimes%200.58)
= 1.16 M
= 0.58 M
The sulphite anion will act as a base and react with
to form
and
.
As, 
= 
=
According to the ICE table for the given reaction,

Initial: 0.58 0 0
Change: -x +x +x
Equilibrium: 0.58 - x x x
So,
![K_{b} = \frac{[HSO^{-}_{3}][OH^{-}]}{[SO^{2-}_{3}]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7Bb%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BHSO%5E%7B-%7D_%7B3%7D%5D%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D%7D%7B%5BSO%5E%7B2-%7D_%7B3%7D%5D%7D)


x = 0.0003 M
So, x =
= 0.0003 M
= 0.58 - 0.0003
= 0.579 M
Now, we will use
= 0.0003 M
The reaction will be as follows.

Initial: 0.0003
Equilibrium: 0.0003 - x x x


= 
= 
Therefore, 
As, x <<<< 0.0003. So, we can neglect x.
Therefore, 
= 
x = 
x =
= 
![[H^{+}] = \frac{10^{-14}}{[OH^{-}]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B10%5E%7B-14%7D%7D%7B%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D%7D)
= 
=
M
Thus, we can conclude that the concentration of spectator ion is
M.
Answer: option C. Copper (II) chloride
Explanation:
To name CuCl2, we need to know the oxidation state of Cu in the compound as chlorine always have oxidation on —1 in all its compound. The oxidation state of Cu can be calculated as follows:
Cu + 2Cl = 0 (since the compound has no charge)
Cl = —1
Cu + 2(—1) = 0
Cu —2 = 0
Collect like terms
Cu = 0 +2
Cu = +2
Therefore, the oxidation state of Cu in CuCl2 is +2.
The name of the compound will be copper(ii) chloride, since cupper has oxidation state +2 in the compound.
Answer:
2Mg^+ +O2 right arrow 2MgO
Explanation: