What is the transfer of energy to an object using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force?
1 answer:
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(a) The efficiency of an engine is defined as the ratio between the work done by the engine and the heat it takes in:
The engine in this problem does a work of
and it takes in 
of heat, therefore its efficiency is
(b) The heat taken by the machine is 4000 J; of this amount of heat, only 1100 J are converted into useful work. This means that the rest of the heat is wasted. Therefore, the wasted heat is the difference between the heat in input and the work done by the engine:
The engine in this problem does a work of
(b) The heat taken by the machine is 4000 J; of this amount of heat, only 1100 J are converted into useful work. This means that the rest of the heat is wasted. Therefore, the wasted heat is the difference between the heat in input and the work done by the engine: