Let's go through this problem step by step while bearing in mind the concept of
PEMDAS.
Step 1:

Declaration of the expression. Nothing wrong here yet.
Step 2:

Clarise evaluated what's inside the parenthesis first - which was the right thing to do! There are no mistakes in this step.
Step 3:

In this step she subtracted first. This should not be the case! PEMDAS tells us that the exponents and division gets higher priority than subtraction. This is therefore the first mistake Clarise makes.
Step 4:

In this step Clarise evaluates the exponent. This does not violate any rules (relative to the previous expression) since PEMDAS tells us that exponents take higher priority than division.
Step 5:

(Clarise's final answer)
In Clarise's final step, she manages to get the wrong answer! Dividing 51.68 by 0.16 would give us 323. This is another mistake of Clarise.
Looking at the choices, we can now identify what mistakes Clarise made:
-She subtracted before evaluating the exponents
-She subtracted before she divided
-She divided incorrectly
To calculate growth rate, start by subtracting the past value from the current value. Then, divide that number by the past value. Finally, multiply your answer by 100 to express it as a percentage.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The "population growth rate" is the rate at which the number of individuals in a population increases in a given time period, expressed as a fraction of the initial population. Population growth is based on four fundamental factors: birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration.
Annual Growth Rate of Population refers to the rate at which the number of individuals in a given popular increase over a year, expressed as a fraction of the initial popular of the previous years. The annual percentage growth rate of population is the percent growth divided by the number of years.
Answer:
Z is 66. If you want an explanation, I could give it to you, FYI.
Answer:
I'm pretty sure it is d, 5/22