Answer:
a) The study is an observational study
b) The proportion of children with significant social activity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is approximately 0.802
The proportion of children with significant social activity in children without acute lymphoblastic leukemia is approximately 0.8565
c) The odds ratio is approximately 0.6780
d) The 95% CI is approximately 0.523 < OR < 0.833
e) i) Yes
ii) Children with more social activity have a higher occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Step-by-step explanation:
a) An experimental study is a study in which the researcher adds inputs to the study and then monitors the outcomes
An observational study is one in which the researcher observes risk factors and does not intervene in the process
Therefore, the study is an observational study
b) The proportion of children with significant social activity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is = 1020/1272 = 85/106 =
≈ 0.802
The proportion of children with significant social activity in children without acute lymphoblastic leukemia is = 5343/6238 ≈ 0.8565
c) We have the following two way table;
The odds ratio ≈ 0.6780
d) The 95% confidence interval for the odds ratio is given as follows;
Where;
a = 1020, b = 252, c = 5343, d = 895
Therefore;
The 95% CI ≈ 0.523 < OR < 0.833
e) i) Given that the observed Odds Ratio is within the Confidence Interval, therefore, there is an indication that the amount of social activity is associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ii) Based on the proportion of the study findings, children with more social activity have a higher occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
