Which planet contains high levels of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere resulting in a runaway greenhouse effect

Your job is to determine the concentration of ammonia in a commercial window cleaner. In the titration of a 25.0 mL sample of th

ruslelena [56]

Answer:

The initial concentration of ammonia is 0.14 M and the pH of the solution at equivalence point is 5.20

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:

$\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution (in L)}}$ .....(1)

Molarity of HCl solution = 0.164 M

Volume of solution = 23.8 mL = 0.0238 L (Conversion factor: 1 L = 1000 mL)

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$0.164M=\frac{\text{Moles of HCl}}{0.0238L}\\\\\text{Moles of HCl}=(0.146mol/L\times 0.0238L)=0.0035mol$

The chemical equation for the reaction of ammonia and HCl follows:

$NH_3+HCl\rightarrow NH_4^++Cl^-$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of ammonia

So, 0.0035 moles of HCl will react with = $\frac{1}{1}\times 0.0035=0.0035mol$ of ammonia

Calculating the initial concentration of ammonia by using equation 1:

Moles of ammonia = 0.0035 moles

Volume of solution = 25 mL = 0.025 L

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Initial concentration of ammonia}=\frac{0.0035mol}{0.025L}=0.14M$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of ammonia produces 1 mole of ammonium ion

So, 0.0035 moles of ammonia will react with = $\frac{1}{1}\times 0.0035=0.0035mol$ of ammonium ion

Calculating the concentration of ammonium ion by using equation 1:

Moles of ammonium ion = 0.0035 moles

Volume of solution = [23.8 + 25] mL = 48.8 mL = 0.0488 L

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Molarity of ammonium ion}=\frac{0.0035mol}{0.0488L}=0.072M$

To calculate the acid dissociation constant for the given base dissociation constant, we use the equation:

$K_w=K_b\times K_a$

where,

$K_w$ = Ionic product of water = $10^{-14}$

$K_a$ = Acid dissociation constant

$K_b$ = Base dissociation constant = $1.8\times 10^{-5}$

$10^{-14}=1.8\times 10^{-5}\times K_a\\\\K_a=\frac{10^{-14}}{1.8\times 10^{-5}}=5.55\times 10^{-10}$

The chemical equation for the dissociation of ammonium ion follows:

$NH_4^+\rightarrow NH_3+H^+$

The expression of $K_a$ for above equation follows:

$K_a=\frac{[NH_3][H^+]}{[NH_4^+]}$

We know that:

$[NH_3]=[H^+]=x$

$[NH_4^+]=0.072M$

Putting values in above expression, we get:

$5.55\times 10^{-10}=\frac{x\times x}{0.072}\\\\x=6.32\times 10^{-6}M$

To calculate the pH concentration, we use the equation:

$pH=-\log[H^+]$

We are given:

$[H^+]=6.32\times 10^{--6}M$

$pH=-\log (6.32\times 10^{-6})\\\\pH=5.20$

Hence, the initial concentration of ammonia is 0.14 M and the pH of the solution at equivalence point is 5.20

5 0

3 years ago

A sample of nitrogen gas has a volume of 578 mL and a pressure of 124.1 kPa. What volume would the gas occupy at 80.2 kPa if the

Nataly_w [17]

Answer:

V2 = 894.4mL

Explanation:

P1= 124.1, V1= 578mL, P2 = 80.2kPa, V2= ?

Applying Boyle's law

P1V1 = P2V2

Substitute and simplify

124.1*578=80.2*V2

V2= 894.4mL

4 0

4 years ago

Assuming the measured volume of the bottle, 140 mL, is correct, what volume does Charles’s Law predict the air in the bottle sho

Ket [755]

Answer:

b. 128 ml

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

An aluminum cation is smaller than the aluminum atom because it has fewer occupied energy levels. True false

butalik [34]

The molecules or atoms that are formed by gain or loss of one or more valence electrons are said to be ions.

When atom loss one or more valence electrons, results in formation of cation whereas when atom gain one or more valence electrons, then formation of anion occurs. Cations carry positive charge and anions carry negative charge.

In general, cations are smaller than the neutral atoms from which they are formed and anions are larger than the neutral atoms.

As cations are smaller than the related neutral atoms because the valence electrons are lost which are farthest away from the nucleus. After that, taking more electrons distant from the cation results in reduction of radius of the ion.

Thus, aluminium cation consist of few electrons which results in fewer occupied energy levels by the electrons further results in reduction of radius i.e. smaller size.

Hence, given statement is true i.e. aluminium atom is larger than the aluminium cation as cation has fewer occupied energy levels.

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of copper(II) sulfate and concentrated ammonia to produce teramine copper(II

Rudiy27

Answer:

CuSO4(aq) + 4NH3(aq) + nH2O→ [Cu(NH3)4H2On]S04(aq)

Explanation:

When the concentrated ammonia is added into the copper ions solution, a blue solid is formed. This blue solid is gelatinous.it consist of Cu(OH)2 in insoluble form. As more ammonia is added precipitate start to dissolve and [Cu(NH3)4]∧+2 is produce.

Net Ionic equation:

Cu∧+2 +4NH3 → [Cu(NH3)4]∧+2

S04∧-2 are spectator ions.

Properties and uses of Tetraaminecopper(ll) sulfate:

1. It is solid compound.

2. Its color is dark blue.

3. It has ammonia like odor.

4. It is used to make the copper compounds and also used in the printing of fabric.

5. It is also used as pesticide.

3 0

3 years ago