All categories

3 years ago

Pls help!! Explain the resonance structures for the nitrate ion, NO3−.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Anit [1.1K]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Resonance structures for the nitrate ion exist because there are more than one Lewis Structures for this ion.

Explanation:

How many bonds in each nitrate ion?

To answer this question, start by considering how many electrons each atom need for an octet.

Each N atom needs three electrons to achieve an octet.
Each O atom need two electrons to achieve an octet.

The three O atoms and one N atom in each nitrate ion will need $3\times 2 + 3 = 9$ electrons in total to be stable. However, the ion carries a charge of $-1$ . In other words, atoms in the ion have already acquired one extra electron. Now they need only $9 - 1 = 8$ electrons.

Atoms share electrons by forming bonds. In effect, each chemical bond (a pair of shared electrons) adds two electrons to the bonding atoms. Atoms in the nitrate ion will form $8/2 = 4$ chemical bonds.

However, there are only three bonding position available. One of the three positions will see a double bond while each of the other two will see a single bond. However, the double bond can be at any of the three bonding position. There are thus three possible Lewis Structures. See the sketched. Note that the three structures are interconvertible by moving only the electrons but not any atoms. Hence the name resonance structures.

Keep in mind that in reality, the pi electrons from the double bond are delocalized across all three possible bonding positions. All three N-O bonds are of equal length.

You might be interested in

How do I find density

skad [1K]

Divide mass by the volume to find density.

7 0

3 years ago

The element whose neutral isolated atoms in the ground state have three half filled orbital is

jolli1 [7]

One would be phosporous whose configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3

5 0

3 years ago

Be sure to answer all parts. Write the equations representing the following processes. In each case, be sure to indicate the phy

barxatty [35]

Answer:

1. $S^{-}(g)+e^{-} \rightarrow S^{2-}(g)$

2. $Ti^{2+}(g) \rightarrow Ti^{3+}(g) \,\, IE = 2652.5\,kJ.mol^{-1}$

3.The electron affinity of $Mg^{2+}$ is zero.

4. $O^{2-}(g) \rightarrow O^{-}(g)+e^{-}$

Explanation:

<u>Electron affinity:</u>

It is defined as the amount of energy change when an electron is added to atom in the gaseous phase.

The electron affinity of $S^{-}$ is as follows.

$S^{-}(g)+e^{-} \rightarrow S^{2-}(g)$

<u>Ionization energy</u>:

Amount of energy required to removal of an electron from an isolated gaseous atom.

The third ionization energy of Titanium is as follows.

$Ti^{2+}(g) \rightarrow Ti^{3+}(g) \,\, IE = 2652.5\,kJ.mol^{-1}$

The electronic configuration of Mg: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}$

By the removal of two electrons from a magnesium element we get $Mg^{2+}$ ion.

$Mg^{2+}$ has inert gas configuration i.e, $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}$

Hence, it does not require more electrons to get stability.

Therefore,the electron affinity of $Mg^{2+}$ is zero.

The ionization energy of $O^{2-}$ is follows.

$O^{2-}(g) \rightarrow O^{-}(g)+e^{-}$

3 0

3 years ago

What is the hydronium ion concentration of a 0.100 M acetic acid solution with Ka = 1.8 × 10-5? The equation for the dissociatio

evablogger [386]

Answer:

1.3×10⁻³ M

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, given the dissociation reaction of acetic acid:

$CH_3CO_2H(aq) + H_2O(l) \rightleftharpoons H_3O^+(aq) + CH_3CO_2^-(aq)$

We can write the law of mass action for it:

$Ka=\frac{[H_3O^+][CH_3CO_2^-]}{[CH_3CO_2H]}$

Of course, excluding the water as heterogeneous substances are not included. Then, in terms of the change $x$ due to the dissociation extent, we are able to rewrite it as shown below: