Typical "hard" water contains about 2.0 x 10–3 mol of Ca2+ per liter. Calculate the maximum concentration of fluoride ion that c
1 answer:
Answer:
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, for the described situation, we infer that calcium reacts with fluoride ions to yield insoluble calcium fluoride as shown below:
Which is typically an equilibrium reaction, since calcium fluoride is able to come back to the ions. In such a way, since the maximum amount is computed via stoichiometry, we can see a 1:2 mole ratio between the ions, therefore, the required maximum amount of fluoride ions in the "hard" water (assuming no other ions) turns out:
Best regards.
You might be interested in
Answer:
Explanation:
Hello!
In this case, since the freezing point depression caused by the addition of a solute, we use the following formula:
Thus, we first need to compute the molality of each solute, as shown below:
Next, since NaCl has two ionic species, one Na⁺ and one Cl⁻, and CaCl₂ three, one Ca²⁺ and two Cl⁻, the van't Hoff's factors are 2 and 3 respectively, therefore the freezing point depressions turn out:
It means that CaCl₂ is still better than NaCl because produces involves a higher melting point for the ice, so it would melt faster.
Best regards!