I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option D. The model of the universe that suggests that the sun is the center of the universe was first brought by Copernicus. His model is known as the "Sun centered model".
Explanation:
Contact, vision, sound, flavor, and smell are all markers of energy transformations. The most basic example would be when we notice something has begun to pass through vision. Whenever an entity accelerates or slows down, energy is constantly transformed.
Magma from the mantle rises and flows out through a vent onto Earth's surface as lava. This molten material, sometimes along with ash, cinders, and rock, builds up a mountain around the vent. The vent and its mountain together are called a sediment.
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<span>Vibration waves from earth quakes travel through the earth and have measurable speed. And the different temperatures and fluidity of the various regions of the mantle will change that speed and or reflect the vibration waves in different directions. With multiple vibration sensors around the world the time that it takes for vibrations to travel from one part of the world to another will tell you what is inside.</span>
The answer is b. Electromagnetic waves do not need a medium to travel through.