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<u>Ans: (2) The gas particles have no attractive forces between them.</u>
The kinetic theory explains the behaviour of a hypothetical ideal gas. It explains pressure in terms of the collision of gas particles against the walls of the container which it occupies.
The kinetic theory of gases is based on three main postulates:
1) The collision between gas particles is elastic i.e. no energy is lost or gained
2) The gas particles are treated as point masses i.e. the volume occupied by the gas particles is negligible when compared to the volume of the container
3) There are no attractive or repulsive forces between particles.
As we know,
1 D = 3.34 × 10⁻³⁰ C.m
So,
1.44 D = ?
Solving for 1.44 D,
= (3.34 × 10⁻³⁰ C.m × 1.44 D) ÷ 1 D
1.44 D = 4.80 × 10⁻³⁰ C.m
Dipole Moment is given as,
Dipole Moment = q × r
Solving for q,
q = Dipole Moment / r ------ (1)
Where,
Dipole Moment = 4.80 × 10⁻³⁰ C.m
r = 163 pm = 1.63 × 10⁻¹⁰ m
Putting values in eq. 1,
q = 4.80 × 10⁻³⁰ C.m / 1.63 × 10⁻¹⁰ m
q = 2.94 × 10⁻²⁰ C
As,
1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C = 1 e⁻
So,
2.94 × 10⁻²⁰ C = X e⁻
Solving for X,
X = (2.94 × 10⁻²⁰ C × 1 e⁻) ÷ 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
= 0.183 e⁻
Result:
So one element is containing + 0.183 e⁻ while the other element is containing - 0.183 e⁻.
