The unit for measuring the rate at which light is radiated from a source is B, Lumen. Lumenous flux is the time rate of the flow of light, or the visible energy produced from a certain light source. It is the quantitative measure of brilliance of a light source. The unit we use for this is lumen.
Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Length 
Mass 
Distance from Tip 
Generally, the equation for Torque Balance is mathematically given by


Therefore

F = ma
a = f/m
if f doubled , acc. will be doubled
Answer:
Atoms with the same number of protons but with different electrical charges are different ions
Explanation:
Ions are defined as those atoms or molecules which carry charge
Answer:
The answers to the questions have been solved in the attachment.
Explanation:
The answers to part a to e are all contained in the attachment. For answer part b, temperature and frequency were assumed to be fixed or constant. V² is directly proportional to T telling us that variation in T gives us a square in the frequency variation. This tells us why it is difficult when both frequencies are on this side of the black body.