Answer:
The speed of light changes as it moves between media. This causes refraction. Angles of refraction can be calculated using known speeds or wavelengths. Beyond the critical angle, light is reflected.
The speed of an object in a set direction is its velocity.
Answer:
The near point of an eye with power of +2 dopters, u' = - 50 cm
Given:
Power of a contact lens, P = +2.0 diopters
Solution:
To calculate the near point, we need to find the focal length of the lens which is given by:
Power, P = 
where
f = focal length
Thus
f = 
f =
= + 0.5 m
The near point of the eye is the point distant such that the image formed at this point can be seen clearly by the eye.
Now, by using lens maker formula:

where
u = object distance = 25 cm = 0.25 m = near point of a normal eye
u' = image distance
Now,



Solving the above eqn, we get:
u' = - 0.5 m = - 50 cm
Answer: _____= beautiful, yet annoying frustrating death
Explanation:
If its just a number 2,300 is an answer