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3 years ago

What is the definition of a covalent bond?

Chemistry

2 answers:

kaheart [24]3 years ago

8 0

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

Anvisha [2.4K]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

Covalent bond is the type of interaction that is occur by the sharing of electrons pair between the atoms.

Chemical bonding:

“Interactions that account for the association of atoms into molecules, ions, crystals, and other species are called chemical bonding”

Explanation:

A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds.

Types of chemical bonding:

1. Ionic bonding

2. Covalent bonding

3. Coordinate covalent bond/ Dipolar bonding

4. Metallic bonding

5. Intermolecular bonding

On the basis of the strength of chemical bond there are two types of bonding interactions;

• Primary bonding interactions (Strong bonding interactions)

(Ionic bond, Covalent bond and Metallic bond)

• Secondary bonding interactions (weak bonding interactions)

(Dipole-dipole interaction, London dispersion forces and hydrogen bonding)

Covalent Bonding

“Covalent bonding is a type of bonding, in which two or more atoms share valence electrons more or less equally”

Types of covalent bonding

1. Single covalent bond

2. Double covalent bond

3. Triple covalent bond

The simplest and most common type is a single bond in which two atoms share two electrons. Other types include the double bond, the triple bond, one- and three-electron bonds, the three-center two-electron bond and three-center four-electron bond.

4. Polar covalent bond

5. Non-Polar covalent bond

Polar covalent bond

A polar covalent bond is a covalent bond with a significant ionic character. This means that the two shared electrons are closer to one of the atoms than the other, creating an imbalance of charge. Such bonds occur between two atoms with moderately different electronegativities and give rise to dipole–dipole interactions. The electronegativity difference between the two atoms in these bonds is 0.3 to 1.7.

Non-Polar covalent bond

In nonpolar covalent bonds, the electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms is small, typically 0 to 0.3. Bonds within most organic compounds are described as covalent.

Molecules which are formed primarily from non-polar covalent bonds are often immiscible in water or other polar solvents, but much more soluble in non-polar solvents such as hexane.

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Nicotine, a component of tobacco, is composed of C, H, and N. A 7.875-mg sample of nicotine was combusted, producing 21.363 mg o

Gnom [1K]

Answer: The empirical formula for the given compound is $C_5H_7N$

Explanation:

The chemical equation for the combustion of compound having carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen follows:

$C_xH_yN_z+O_2\rightarrow CO_2+H_2O$

where, 'x', 'y' and 'z' are the subscripts of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen respectively.

We are given:

Mass of $CO_2=21.363mg=21.363\times 10^3g=21363g$

Mass of $H_2O=6.125g=6.125\times 10^3g=6125g$

We know that:

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

For calculating the mass of carbon:

In 44 g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.

So, in 21363 g of carbon dioxide, $\frac{12}{44}\times 21363=5826.27g$ of carbon will be contained.

For calculating the mass of hydrogen:

In 18 g of water, 2 g of hydrogen is contained.

So, in 6125 g of water, $\frac{2}{18}\times 6125=680.55$ of hydrogen will be contained.

Now we have to calculate the mass of nitrogen.

Mass of nitrogen in the compound = (7875) - (5826.27 + 680.55) = 1368.18 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

Step 1: Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Carbon = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Carbon}}{\text{Molar mass of Carbon}}=\frac{5826.27g}{12g/mole}=485.52moles$

Moles of Hydrogen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}=\frac{680.55g}{1g/mole}=680.55moles$

Moles of Nitrogen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of nitrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of nitrogen}}=\frac{1368.18g}{14g/mole}=97.73moles$

Step 2: Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.0154 moles.

For Carbon = $\frac{485.52}{97.73}=4.96\approx 5$

For Hydrogen = $\frac{680.55}{97.73}=6.96\approx 7$

For Nitrogen = $\frac{97.73}{97.73}=1$

Step 3: Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of C : H : N = 5 : 7 : 1

Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound nicotine is $C_5H_7N_1=C_5H_7N$

7 0

2 years ago

Helllpppp!!!!!! Please

pav-90 [236]

Answer: (C) Statements (i) and (iii)

Explanation: According to byjus.com, group VII elements are known as Halogens.

Not only that, but bbc.co.uk says " Atoms of group 7 elements all have seven electrons in their outer shell. This means that the halogens all have similar chemical reactions ."

It may just be (b) though as these are chemical reactions.

3 0

2 years ago

Propane (c3h8) is burned in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. the heat of combustion of propane is -2012 kj/mole. how

Olegator [25]

$C_{3} H_{8} + 5 O_{2} ---\ \textgreater \ 3CO_{2} +4H_{2}O (-2012 \frac{kJ}{mol} )


3 mol 10 mol


C_{3}H_{8} is /excess /reactant

because 3 mol propane require 15 mol oxygen (by reaction)

5 mol oxygen ---1 mol propane, so

10 mol oxygen ---2 mol propane

Only 2 mole propane will be burned,

so 

2012 ( kJ/mol)*2 mol =4024 KJ heat will be given off

Correct answer is number 4.


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5 0

2 years ago

What is the name of the configuration management procedure that involves the collection of information about a system under norm

raketka [301]

The name of the configuration management procedure that involves the collection of information about a system under normal operating conditions is Baselining.

<h3>What is Baselining?</h3>

Baselining is a management process used to analyze a collection of information about a particular system.

This procedure (Baselining) is well known to analyze computer performance in a given network.

In conclusion, the name of the configuration management procedure that involves the collection of information about a system under normal operating conditions is Baselining.

Learn more about Baselining here:

brainly.com/question/25836560

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5 0

2 years ago

Which two properties are explained by the pool-of-shared-electrons model for metals?

Svetllana [295]

I believe it is C but if not that A

5 0

3 years ago