Answer:
minimum length of a surface crack is 18.3 mm
Explanation:
Given data
plane strain fracture toughness K = 82.4 MPa m1/2
stress σ = 345 MPa
Y = 1
to find out
the minimum length of a surface crack
solution
we will calculate length by this formula
length = 1/π ( K / σ Y)²
put all value
length = 1/π ( K / σ Y)²
length = 1/π ( 82.4 
/ 345× 1)²
length = 18.3 mm
minimum length of a surface crack is 18.3 mm
Answer:
B. Ecosystem B, because its high species diversity could have resulted from increased competition among its members.
Explanation:
This is because, in the ecosystem with varying level of biodiversity, Ecosystem B has medium level of species diversity found in them with High medium level of habitat diversity which causes increasing competitions among them.
A comet is the loose, icy body with a long, narrow orbit.
Comets are very small solar system body made mainly of ices mixed with smaller amounts of dust and rock. Most comets are not larger than a few kilometers across. The main body of the comet is called the nucleus, and it can contain water, methane, nitrogen and other ices. Their speeds vary depending on their orbits and where they are in it. The closer they are to the sun, the faster they are going.
