Answer: humoral immune response
The main antibody isotypes in the influenza-specific humoral immune response are IgA, IgM and IgG. Mucosal or secretory IgA antibodies are produced locally and transported along the mucus of the respiratory tract by transepithelial transport and can afford local protection from infection of airway epithelial cells.
Answer:
Niche
Explanation:
Niche refers to adaptive features of an organism, its activity pattern and consumption of resources in the system.
Niche of an organism refers to its habitat, activity role and functional position within system. It includes the resources such as food that it obtains from the habitat for its survival.
Answer:
Basal cells, keratinocyte
Explanation:
The viral DNA replication is inhibited until<u> Basal cells</u> are differentiated into <u>keratinocyte</u>, which are ready to be shed from the epithelial layer, increasing the likelihood that HPV will be transmitted to a new host.
95% of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes
Basal cells are multipotent stem cells that are important in the regeneration of homeostasis of the respiratory epithelial cell population.
in skin growth, most of the cells are keratinocytes and they are formed by the division of stem cells in the basal layer
C The rods will attract each other because they are both positively charged.
If the birth rate in a population is 40, and the death rate in that population is 15, then the population will be experiencing growth. The growth will be 25 on every 1,000 people. If this trend continues for longer period, then the population will start to become younger and younger, making the basis of the population pyramid wider, while the top part of it smaller and smaller. This demographic situation in modern times seems to be present only in the less developed countries, with the majority of the transitioning countries having much decreased population growth, and the more developed countries having more deaths than births, thus being aging populations.