I'd think it's probably the recycling of newspapers, as trees are making of paper can be a reason for deforestation. With recycling of newspapers, fewer trees need to be cut down.
Longer than a larger star
Yes. Half life or better known as Radioactive decay is measured in TIME. Such as seconds, minutes, hours, days, years ect...
:) hope that helps you some, best of luck!
Technically you are able to argue both ends. Biotic factors are living things while abiotic factors are no living things. since the plant was once living, you can argue that it is a biotic factor, however, I would say the dead plant decay would be abiotic because it is not living anymore. I hope that helped!