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3 years ago

Briefly describe four ways that a beam can be strengthened?

Chemistry

1 answer:

lara31 [8.8K]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

1. Changing Beam Material

2. Corrugation

3. Changing Beam form

4. Steel Reinforcing Bars

Explanation:

Changing Beam Material

Some materials are stronger when used in beams than others. Beams made of steel for instance are stronger than beams made of wood. Therefore changing material can improve the strength of the beam. It is quite important to take into account the weights of the material though as different structures have different requirements.

Corrugation.

You can fold the beam into triangular shapes to increase strength. If you look at roofs you will notice that they are folded and this increased their strength. The same logic can be applied to beams.

Changing Beam Form

Another way to make Beams stronger is to change their form or rather their shape. Straight beams are not as strong as I-beams for instance. I-beams look like the capital letter I with the lines at both ends. I-beams are usually used in construction which shows that they are quite strong.

Steel Reinforcing Bars

When placed in concrete beams, Steel Reinforcing Bars which are also called Rebar can help strengthen a beam by helping it withstand the forces of tension. A concrete beam with Rebar inside it is known as Reinforced Concrete.

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What concentration of monosodium phosphate would be required to make a solution of pH 7.4 with 0.2 M disodium phosphate ( pKa

denis-greek [22]

Answer:

The concentration of monosodium phosphate is 0.1262M

Explanation:

The buffer of H₂PO₄⁻ / HPO₄²⁻ (Monobasic phosphate and dibasic phosphate has a pKa of 7.2

To determine the pH you must use Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

<em>Where [A⁻] is molarity of the conjugate base of the weak acid, [HA].</em>

For H₂PO₄⁻ / HPO₄⁻ buffer:

pH = 7.2 + log [HPO₄⁻² ] / [H₂PO₄⁻]

As molarity of the dibasic phosphate is 0.2M and you want a pH of 7.4:

7.4 = 7.2 + log [0.2] / [H₂PO₄⁻]

0.2 = log [0.2] / [H₂PO₄⁻]

1.58489 = [0.2] / [H₂PO₄⁻]

[H₂PO₄⁻] = 0.1262M

<h3>The concentration of monosodium phosphate is 0.1262M</h3>

<em />

8 0

3 years ago

Alveoli are tiny sacs of air in the lungs. Their average diameter is 4.50 × 10−5 m. Calculate the uncertainty in the velocity of

Arisa [49]

<u>Answer:</u> The uncertainty in the velocity of oxygen molecule is $4.424\times 10^{-5}m/s$

<u>Explanation:</u>

The diameter of the molecule will be equal to the uncertainty in position.

The equation representing Heisenberg's uncertainty principle follows:

$\Delta x.\Delta p=\frac{h}{2\pi}$

where,

$\Delta x$ = uncertainty in position = d = $4.50\times 10^{-5}m$

$\Delta p$ = uncertainty in momentum = $m\Delta v$

m = mass of oxygen molecule = $5.30\times 10^{-26}kg$

h = Planck's constant = $6.627\times 10^{-34}kgm^2/s^2$

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$4.50\times 10^{-5}m\times 5.30\times 10^{-26}kg\times \Delta v=\frac{6.627\times 10^{-34}kgm^2/s}{2\times 3.14}\\\\\Delta v=\frac{6.627\times 10^{-34}kgm^2/s^2}{2\times 3.14\times 4.50\times 10^{-5}m\times 5.30\times 10^{-26}kg}=4.424\times 10^{-5}m/s$

Hence, the uncertainty in the velocity of oxygen molecule is $4.424\times 10^{-5}m/s$

8 0

3 years ago

When data does not support your hypothesis in an experiment, you must revise what

Blababa [14]

state what the lab is about, that is, what scientific concept (theory, principle, procedure, etc.) you are supposed to be learning about by doing the lab. You should do this briefly, in a sentence or two. If you are having trouble writing the opening sentence of the report, you can try something like: "This laboratory experiment focuses on X…"; "This lab is designed to help students learn about, observe, or investigate, X…." Or begin with a definition of the scientific concept: "X is a theory that…."

2. give the necessary background for the scientific concept by telling what you know about it (the main references you can use are the lab manual, the textbook, lecture notes, and other sources recommended by the lab manual or lab instructor; in more advanced labs you may also be expected to cite the findings of previous scientific studies related to the lab). In relatively simple labs you can do this in a paragraph following the initial statement of the scientific concept of the lab. But in more complex labs, the background may require more paragraphs.

6 0

3 years ago

In an atom, the number of neutrons determines most specifically the ________.

lord [1]

In an atom, the number of neutrons determines most specifically the isotopes of an element.

<h2>Further Explanation</h2><h3>An atom </h3>

An atom is defined as the smallest particle of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.
Atoms are made of energy shells and the inner nucleus.
It is also made up of subatomic particles, protons and neutrons.

<h3>Neutrons </h3>

They are sub-atomic particles in an atom that are found in the nucleus of an atom. They have a zero charge or no charge.
Neutrons are slightly heavier than protons.
The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus of an atom results to the atomic mass number of an atom. Like protons they only take part in nuclear reactions.

<h3>Protons</h3>

Protons are subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom. They are positively charged. with a charge of +1.
The number of protons differ from one element to another and thus used as the atomic number of an individual element.
The nucleus of an atom is positively charged due to the positive charge of the protons.
Additionally, protons do not take part in chemical reactions but in nuclear reactions.

<h3>Electrons </h3>

They are found orbiting the nucleus on energy shells based on Clouds’ theory. Electrons are negatively charged each with a charge of -1.
The number of electrons and protons in a neutral atom are equal. Additionally they have the least mass of the three sub-atomic particles.
Electrons are the only sub-atomic particles that take part in chemical reactions.

<h3>Isotopes </h3>