Answer:
The choice between consumption in the present and consumption in the future, perception of a close correlation between current income and consumption, and the smoothing of consumption over time as deriving from its comparison to the income which the individual would perceive as his/her permanent income.
Answer:
a. continue with the project provided that the additional solar electricity is worth more than $10 million.
Explanation:
It is provided that after cost overruns of the project is $10 million, which can never be recovered, thus, it is a kind of sunk cost.
Sunk cost is the cost which is made previously, and now in no manner will affect the decision, as cannot be recovered.
Therefore, such cost is ignored.
Further provided additional cost will be $12 million, therefore, now the society shall make a rational choice whether to continue the project providing solar electricity of $10 million, as in case of amount of solar energy is $32 million or $22 million, then the choice is obvious to accept,
Rational choice will be for solar electricity worth $10 million.
Therefore, correct statement is
a. continue with the project provided that the additional solar electricity is worth more than $10 million.
Answer: Option C
Explanation: As per the leader- member exchange model, the relationship between the senior and subordinate is based on the honesty and truth and extends beyond the employment relations.
This model is often used by the organisations that gives high importance to the employees and tries to maintain healthy relationships and positive environment within the workplace.
Hence from the above we can conclude that the correct option is C .
Answer:
1. Under command-and-control regulation, the government will sometimes specify the technology that firms must use in production. TRUE, e.g. currently the US government banned Huawei from providing 5G technology in the US due to security concerns even though that provides the best 5G technology in the world.
2. The government may decide on a specific amount of pollution that firms can legally emit. TRUE, the EPA sets the standards and companies must follow them, whether they are too high or too low maybe subject to an extensive debate.
3. A limitation of a command-and-control regulation is that firms have no incentive to remove pollution once they are within the legal pollution limits. TRUE, if the company is complying with current regulation, then that is all it needs to keep functioning without any problem.
4. Command and control situations are always the best option when it comes to reducing the amount of pollution. FALSE, when is the government or Congress the most efficient at doing something. Efficiency is not a characteristic of any government entity.
5. Command-and-control is more flexible than market-based regulation. FALSE, the terms command and control should give you an idea that government intervention can be anything but flexible.
6. A command-and-control regulation is subject to political considerations. TRUE, command and control regulation is set up by government agencies or Congress and both are political entities by definition. E.g. some governments impose harder environmental controls through the EPA, others impose softer or no controls at all.
Answer:
3
Explanation:
We are asked to use the midpoint formula.
Here, instead of dividing the change in values by the old value as in the normal elasticity calculation, we use the average of the two.
Mathematically:
Price elasticity of demand according to midpoint formula is :
{Q2 - Q1 / (Q2 + Q1) ÷ 2] × 100%} ÷ {[P2 - P1/ (P2 + P1) ÷ 2] × 100}
Price changed from 5 to 7. The midpoint of 5 and 7 is the average = (5+7)/2 = 6
% change in price in this case is (7-5)/6 * 100 = 100/3 = 33.33%
% change in quantity:
We first find the average = (12+4)/2 = 16/2 = 8
% change = (4-12)/8 * 100 = -100%
The elasticity of demand is thus -100/33.33 = 3
