Igneous rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of molten Earth materials. Igneous rock forms when magma or lava cools.
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In order to create a cation, one first needs to understand that a cation is an atom with excessive positive particles (proton) as compared to negative particles (electrons). Hence, a cation is always positively charge.
From the image simulating the orbital, proton and neutron are represented by either of the red or yellow ball respectively since both particles occupy the innermost part of the atom. The electron is usually revolves in the orbitals and hence, is represented by the blue ball.
Assuming that the proton is represented by the red ball, all that is required to create a cation would be to have more red ball in the nucleus than blue balls outside the nucleus.
More on the charged atoms can be found here: brainly.com/question/9264485
