In genetic traits, p and q represent the relative probabilities of the two alleles manifesting. If these two are the only options (ex. a dominant one and a recessive one), then the probabilities of both must sum up to 1. In this case, since we are given that q = 0.4, then p + q = 1, p + 0.4 = 1, and p = 0.6.
A "heating curve" is a graph that shows the temperature of the substance
against the amount of heat you put into it.
For most of the graph, as you'd expect, the temperature goes up as you
add heat, and it goes down as you take heat away. BUT ... While the
substance is changing state, its temperature doesn't change even though
you're putting heat in or taking heat out.
So that part of the graph is a horizontal line.
A) 1.55
The speed of light in a medium is given by:
where
is the speed of light in a vacuum
n is the refractive index of the material
In this problem, the speed of light in quartz is
So we can re-arrange the previous formula to find n, the index of refraction of quartz:
B) 550.3 nm
The relationship between the wavelength of the light in air and in quartz is
where
is the wavelenght in quartz
is the wavelength in air
n is the refractive index
For the light in this problem, we have
Therefore, we can re-arrange the equation to find , the wavelength in air:
