In the original graph, R (0,3), S(3,3), T(4, -1) and Q(0, 1) Reflecting it across y=-1, which is a horizontal line going through the point T, all the x coordinates stay the same, the new confidantes are : R'(0, -5), S'(3, -5), T'(4, -1), Q(0', -3) (Notice; T stays where it is now, because it is right now the line y=-1) Locate these new points, you have your graph.
To solve a compound inequality, first separate it into two inequalities. Determine whether the answer should be a union of sets ("or") or an intersection of sets ("and"). Then, solve both inequalities and graph.
the function f(x) is a straight line. The "-4" means that the graph moves down 4 units. Point A is at y=-4, so this is the point. You can graph the equation and you'll see that it hits point A.