Answer:
S = 1.1 × 10⁻⁹ M
Explanation:
NaCl is a strong electrolyte that dissociates according to the following expression.
NaCl(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
Given the concentration of NaCl is 0.15 M, the concentration of Cl⁻ will be 0.15 M.
We can find the molar solubility (S) of AgCl using an ICE chart.
AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
I 0 0.15
C +S +S
E S 0.15+S
The solubility product (Ksp) is:
Ksp = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁰ = [Ag⁺].[Cl⁻] = S (0.15 + S)
If we solve the quadratic equation, the positive result is S = 1.1 × 10⁻⁹ M
Explanation:
When we add a non-volatile solute in a solvent then due to the impurity added to the solution there will occur an increase in the boiling point of the solution.
This increase in boiling point will be known as elevation in boiling point.
As one beaker contains seawater (water having NaCl) will have some impurity in it. So, more temperature is required by seawater to escape into the atmosphere.
Whereas another beaker has only pure water so it is able to easily escape into the atmosphere since, it contains no impurity.
Thus, we can conclude that level of pure water will decrease more due to non-volatile solute present in it as compared to seawater.
Answer:
The time taken for the cross mark to disappear decreases steadily down the column.
Explanation:
Now if we look at the data provided, we will discover that the volume of the HCl was held constant while the volume of the thiosulphate was increased steadily and the volume of water decreased steadily.
Recall that a system is more concentrated when it contains less volume of water and more volume of reactants. Hence as the volume of water in the system is being reduced, the concentration of reactants is increased.
It has been established that an increase in the concentration of reactants lead to an increase in the rate of reaction. The disappearance of the cross shows the completion of the reaction between HCl and thiosulphate. The faster or slower the cross disappears, the faster or slower the rate of reaction.
Since increase in concentration of reactants increases the rate of reaction, it is observed that as the volume of the thiosulphate increases (reactant concentration increases) the cross disappears faster (rate of reactant increases). Hence as the volume of thiosulphate increases, it takes a shorter time for the cross to disappear. This implies that the time column in the table (refer to the question) will decrease steadily as the volume of thiosulphate increases.
, carboxyl group exists as
(charged)
(neutral)
(charged)
