Answer:
a) ARP spoofing
Explanation:
ARP Spoofing is a term in a computer networking, which is can be used as a penetration technique or attack methods in which an attacker sends (spoofed) Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) messages onto a local area network. The purpose is to spoof the MAC address of a trusted host and forge ARP request to overload the Switch. This will set the Switch in “FORWARD MODE” which will leads to any traffic meant for that MAC address to be sent to the attacker instead.
Answer:
Personal Opportunity Cost - Spare non drive time sacrifised
Social Opportunity Cost - Fuel efficiency (high pollution), Road Traffic (Congestion issues).
Explanation:
Opportunity Cost is the cost of next best alternative, foregone while choosing an alternative. Bill can commute either by bus, or by self drive.
If Bill drives his car, opportunity cost for him is - the spare time sacrifised, that he could have used while car drive in some other activity (eg reading, listening music).
Opportunity Cost for society is - the fuel utilisation & road traffic management efficiency sacrifised, by using private instead of public transport. This leads to more pollution, more congestion on roads.
The question wasn't stated very well, but the answer you might be looking for is that Confucianism is a philosophy, and Shintoism, Buddhism, and Hinduism are all religions.
Answer: Discriminant validity
Explanation:
Discriminant Validity
Discriminant validity means a researcher needs to display or show that those variables that are not correlated are indeed not correlated in real life or practically .
For example the test above is measuring intelligence rather than reading ability so the researcher can use discriminant validity to actual show that reading ability is not related to intelligence and that the test is solely measuring intelligence.
He should show the evidence that there is really a low correlation between these two measures.
if your question is asking : What act of Parliament taxed paper items in order to raise money to help pay the government's debt? then the answer would be the stamp act.
