A flash of red light and a flash of blue light enter a glass cube perpendicular to its surface at the same time. after passing through the block, the red light pulse exits first.
For any medium, other than vacuum, the index of refraction for red light is slightly lower (closer to 1 ) than that for blue light. This means that when light goes from vacuum (or air) into glass, the red light deviates from its original direction less than does the blue light. Also, as the light reemerges from the glass into vacuum (or air), the red light again deviates less than the blue light. If the two surfaces of the glass are parallel to each other, the red and blue rays will emerge traveling parallel to each other, but displaced laterally from one another.
what is refractive index?
The ratio between the speed of light in medium to speed in a vacuum is the refractive index. When light travels in a medium other than the vacuum, the atoms of that medium continually absorb and re-emit the particles of light, slowing down the speed light.
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If the light of wavelength 700 nm strikes such a photocathode the maximum kinetic energy, in eV, of the emitted electrons is 0.558 eV.
so - $KE_{max} = hc/lembda} work
threshold when KE = 0
hc/lambda = work = 1240/900=1.38 eV
b) Kemax = hc/lambda - work = 1240/640 -1.38=0.558 eV
What is photocathode?
- A photocathode electrolyte interface can be used in a photoelectrolysis cell as the primary light-harvesting junction (in conjunction with an appropriate electrochemical anode) or as an optically complementary photoactive half-cell in a tandem photoelectrode photoelectrolysis cell (Hamnett, 1982; Kocha et al, 1994).
- In the case of the former, the electrode should ideally harvest photon energy across the majority of the solar spectrum in order to achieve the highest energy conversion efficiency possible.
- In the latter case, however, the photocathode may only be active in a specific band of the solar spectrum in order to generate a cathodic photocurrent sufficient to match the current generated in the photoanodic half-cell.
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Added potential energy = (mass) x (gravity) x (height)
or
Added potential energy = (weight) x (added height)
If you need to lift a 15N box 3m straight up, you have to increase its potential energy by (15 N) x (3 m) = 45 Joules .
Where is that added potential energy supposed to come from ? You could use an electric winch, a steam engine, a gasoline-powered motor, thousands of hamsters running on little treadmills that are are connected to the main pulley somehow, or your own arm muscles. But howEVER you do it, you have to provide <em>45 Joules</em> of WORK in order to increase the potential energy of the box by just that much.
The SI unit for frequency is Hertz (Hz), or simply, the reciprocal of a second. It measures how fast an object could be moving. In this case, the frequency would be 16 wave crests per 8 seconds (16/8 = 2). In simplified answer, the frequency is 2 per second, or 2 Hz.
