A small atomic radius
Explanation:
Elements like calcium located towards the top of a group have high attraction for their valence electrons because they have a small atomic radius.
The farther electrons are from the nucleus the lesser the attraction from the nucleus on them.
Atomic radius is taken as half of the internuclear distance between two covalently bonded atoms of non-metallic atoms or half the distance between two nuclei in the solid state between metals.
The smaller the atomic radius the greater the pull of the valence electrons in an atom.
Down the group, atomic radius increases due addition of new electronic shells.
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Hello,
Here is your answer:
The proper answer to this question is option C "stigma".
Here is how:
The stigma is responsible for producing pollen in a plant.
Your answer is C.
If you need anymore help feel free to ask me!
Hope this helps!
Answer:
The true statement about the discovery of electrons is :
C. Electrons were discovered in a vacuum tube
Explanation:
In 1870, Sir William Crookes developed the first cathode ray tube which have high vacuum inside.
These rays moved the paddled wheel when placed in their path.This means these rays have some momentum.
When the magnetic field was applied to the cathode rays they showed deflection. This means these cathode rays must have some charge because only charged particles can show deflection when place in magnetic field.
Later is was found by J.J Thomson that these are negatively charged.
How ?
We Know that like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other. This means if a particle has negative charge then it will attract the positive charge.
J.J Thomson studied these cathode ray tubes and found that these rays repels the negative charge particles .Hence these rays must be negatively charged.
He called these tiny Particle "electron"