Troposphere, this is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the earths crust.
Radioactive material obeys 1st order decay kinetics,
For 1st order reaction, we have
k =

where, k = rate constant of reaction
Given: Initial conc. 100, Final conc. = 6.25, t = 18.9 hours
∴ k =

= 0.1467 hours^(-1)
Now, for 1st order reactions: half life =

= 4.723 hours.
False. At equilibrium, the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction. The net concentration of both products and reactants won't change, but the reactions still take place.
Answer:
Explanation:
Given reaction
N₂H₄ + O₂ ⇒ N₂ + 2H₂O ΔH₁ = -543 KJ ---------- ( 1 )
2H₂ + O₂ ⇒ 2H₂O ΔH₂ = -484 KJ ---------- ( 2 )
N₂ + 3 H₂ ⇒ 2NH₃ ΔH₃ = -92 KJ -----------( 3 )
( 1 ) - ( 2 ) +( 3 )
N₂H₄ + O₂ - 2H₂ - O₂ +N₂ + 3 H₂ ⇒ N₂ + 2H₂O - 2H₂O +2NH₃
ΔH = -543 + 484 -92 = -151 KJ
N₂H₄ + H₂ ⇒ 2NH₃ ΔH = -151 KJ .
2NH₃ ⇒ N₂H₄ + H₂ ΔH = + 151 KJ