When assessing a newborn, the nurse should cover and report the 5 manifestations included in the process for determining the Apgar score.
Apgar score is a score given to newborn babies following a series of evaluations. The purpose of this score is to detect health issues and determine the level of immediate care the baby requires. The evaluations include measurements of:
- Heart Rate
- Breathing effort
- Muscle tone
- Reflex
- Color
Heart rate and breathing effort are self-explanatory. They seek to determine if the heart and lungs of the newborn are functioning as intended. Meanwhile, the Muscle tone evaluation looks for any deformities in the muscles of the newborn, looking to confirm that the child is able to properly flex and move the arms and legs. Reflex tells whether the child has a strong cry and responds to stimulation as per the norm. Finally, color is a test to check for proper circulation of irrigation of specific parts throughout the body, primarily the hands and feet.
When assessing the newborn, the nurse should report each of these manifestations, after scoring them from 0 to 2. Most babies should score a total of 8-9 points, 10 being superb health. Those newborns who for a series of reasons score below a 6 are considered as being in imminent danger and require intensive care.
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