The answer is letter b. adaptation. Adaptation occurs when living organisms adapt to their surroundings or environment over a long period of time. In this case, Dark Furred Squirrels were abundant, since squirrels adapted to the dark shady area they have lived and adapted into a dark furred one, which allowed it to be more common due to adaptation.
The publication about the effect of orthodontic forces on cytokine and receptor levels in gingival fluid investigates how this treatment can increase inflammation.
<h3>What are cytokines?</h3>
Cytokines are molecules of the immune system that act during different types of immune responses, especially in inflammatory pathways.
Cytokines are mainly secreted by helper T immune cells (T cells) and macrophages.
In this case, the publication above mentioned uses different cytokine biomarkers to test inflammatory responses after orthodontic treatment (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, etc).
In conclusion, the publication about the effect of orthodontic forces on cytokine and receptor levels in gingival fluid investigates how this treatment can increase inflammation.
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Answer:
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
Explanation:
Pigment molecules capturing photons in the chloroplast are organized in distinct structures called photosystems.
Photosynthetic pigments, which include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, are light-harvesting molecules found in chloroplast thylakoid membranes. As previously stated, pigments and proteins are organized into complexes known as photosystems.
Photosystems are functional units for photosynthesis that are defined by specific pigment organization and association patterns. Their work is the absorption and transfer of light energy, which implies electron transfer. Photosystems are physically found in thylakoid membranes.
Chloroplasts are chlorophyll-containing organelles found in plant cells; they are essential for life on Earth because photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts. Proplastids give rise to chloroplasts, as do chromoplasts, leucoplasts, and other plastids. Light energy absorption and conversion into biological energy
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Answer:
the difference between rocks and minerals .A mineral is a naturally not occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure formed by geological processes. A rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals whereas a rock may also include organic remains and mineraloids.
Explanation:
