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The 1s, 2s and 2p subshells are completely filled (a maximum of two electrons go into the 1s subshell and a maximum of two electrons go into the 2s subshell. The 2p subshell includes 3 orbitals, with 2 electrons maximum per orbital). The 3s subshell has only one of a maximum of two electrons.
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The answer would be 8 just took the test
Answer:
a) ammonium ion
b) amide ion
Explanation:
The order of decreasing bond angles of the three nitrogen species; ammonium ion, ammonia and amide ion is NH4+ >NH3> NH2-. Next we need to rationalize this order of decreasing bond angles from the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory perspective.
First we must realize that all three nitrogen species contain a central sp3 hybridized carbon atom. This means that a tetrahedral geometry is ideally expected. Recall that the presence of lone pairs distorts molecular structures from the expected geometry based on VSEPR theory.
The amide ion contains two lone pairs of electrons. Remember that the presence of lone pairs causes greater repulsion than bond pairs on the outermost shell of the central atom. Hence, the amide ion has the least H-N-H bond angle of about 105°.
The ammonia molecule contains one lone pair, the repulsion caused by one lone pair is definitely bless than that caused by two lone pairs of electrons hence the bond angle of the H-N-H bond in ammonia is 107°.
The ammonium ion contains four bond pairs and no lone pair of electrons on the outermost nitrogen atom. Hence we expect a perfect tetrahedron with bond angle of 109°.
The answer is b
Explanation:
Answer:
enantiomers
Explanation:
L and D stand for levorotatory and dextrorotatory respectively. A levorotatory molecule will rotate the plane of plane polarised light left and a dextrorotatory molecule will rotate the plane of plane polarised light right. L and D molecules are non superimposable mirror image of each other. Therefore they are also known as enantiomers.
