Answer:
1.33
Explanation:
speed of light in vacuum, c = 3 x 10^8 m/s
speed of light in medium, v = 2.26 x 10^8 m/s
The refractive index of the medium is given by
μ = speed of light in vacuum / speed of light in medium
μ = (3 x 10^8) / (2.26 x 10^8)
μ = 1.33
Explanation:
Suppose you want to shine a flashlight beam down a long, straight hallway. Just point the beam straight down the hallway -- light travels in straight lines, so it is no problem. What if the hallway has a bend in it? You could place a mirror at the bend to reflect the light beam around the corner. What if the hallway is very winding with multiple bends? You might line the walls with mirrors and angle the beam so that it bounces from side-to-side all along the hallway. This is exactly what happens in an optical fiber.
The light in a fiber-optic cable travels through the core (hallway) by constantly bouncing from the cladding (mirror-lined walls), a principle called total internal reflection. Because the cladding does not absorb any light from the core, the light wave can travel great distances.
However, some of the light signal degrades within the fiber, mostly due to impurities in the glass. The extent that the signal degrades depends on the purity of the glass and the wavelength of the transmitted light (for example, 850 nm = 60 to 75 percent/km; 1,300 nm = 50 to 60 percent/km; 1,550 nm is greater than 50 percent/km). Some premium optical fibers show much less signal degradation -- less than 10 percent/km at 1,550 nm.
1
Answer:
t = 4 seconds
Explanation:
The question is "The intensity of current flowing through a conductor is 2μA. How long will it take 5x1013 electrons to cross a certain cross section of the conductor?
"
Current, 
No of electrons, 
We need to find how long will it take to given no of electrons to cross a certain cross section of the conductor.
Electric current,
t is time
Also, q = ne
So, it will take 4 seconds.
Answer:
E) the flow of energy due to a temperature difference.
Explanation:
Heat can be described as the flow of energy due to a temperature difference.
Which is expressed mathematically as;
H = MCΔT
Where;
H is the quantity of heat in a body, measured in Joules
M is the mass of the body, measured in kg
C is the specific heat capacity of the body, J/kg.K
ΔT is change in temperature or temperature difference.
So, heat energy in any system flows from a hotter region to a colder region due to temperature difference.
E) the flow of energy due to a temperature difference.
