Avogadro's number is defined as the number of elementary particles (molecules, atoms, compounds, etc.) per mole of a substance. It is equal to 6.022×1023 mol-1 and is expressed as the symbol NA.
Thermal energy is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object. The figure shows that if either potential or kinetic energy increases, thermal energy increases.
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Electrons fill the electron orbitals (s, p, d, or f) starting from the lowest energy level going to the highest energy level.
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