Question

In ___________approaches to reading, reading should be taught by presenting the basic skills that underlie reading. this approach emphasizes the components of reading, such as the sounds of letters and their combinations-phonics-and how letters and sounds are combined to make words.

Answer 1

I believe the answer is: code-based approaches to reading
The main purpose of code-based approaches is to ensure that the learners develop necessary fluency in  word recognition and decoding.
Research from National Reading Panel indicates that code-based instruction is the most efficient approach to reading instruction