Explanation: Isokinetic exercise (or accommodating variable-resistance exercise) is undertaken at constant speed with the resistance equal to the muscle force during the speed movement. As the input of the muscle force changes, the resistance also changes, because the muscle speed equals the resistance speed. When the individual with an injured muscle applies their own muscular resistance, it is met with equal amount of resistance throughout the motion.
In a study, the independent variable is the thing that you change to see how the change produces different results. In this study, the independent variable would be the use of nicotine.