Answer:
z1/z2
Explanation:
we have no quantum effects therefore we can make use of Maxwell Boltzmann distribution in the description of this system.
using the boltzman distribution the probability of finding a particle in energy state

we have
gi to be degeneration of the ith state
ei to be energy of ith state
summation

We have R to be equal to

C. is correct. when you make a pizza, you see the the meat or pepperoni or cheese heating up and sometimes melted. (thats physical). on the inside the crust in heated and the toppings are cooked (chemical)
The strong nuclear force overcomes the electric force of repulsion thatacts among the protons in thenucleus. B. The weak nuclear force is involved in certain types of radioactive processes. A.The strong nuclear force is a powerful force of attraction that acts only on theneutrons and protons in the nucleus.
Answer:
(a) the blocks all had different masses.
Explanation:
The surface is smooth, therefore coefficient of friction is tending to zero.
Forces for each blocks varied from 6N to 8N to 7N to 5N
The blocks were made of different materials and different materials are going to have varying weight for the same size of block.