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masha68 [24]
3 years ago
6

An unknown substance has a mass of 0.125 kg and an initial temperature of 95.0°C. The substance is then dropped into a calorimet

er made of aluminum containing 0.285 kg of water initially at 25.0°C. The mass of the aluminum container is 0.150 kg, and the temperature of the calorimeter increases to a final equilibrium temperature of 32.0°C. Assuming no thermal energy is transferred to the environment, calculate the specific heat of the unknown substance.
Physics
2 answers:
Ostrovityanka [42]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

1,186.813J/KgoC

Explanation:

Since heat is usually transferred from a hotter to a colder body,

Heat lost by unknown substance = heat gained by aluminum calorimeter + heat gained by water

M(un) x C(un) x [ Temp(un) – Temp(equil) ] = M(Al) x C(Al) x [ Temp(equil) – Temp(Al) ] + M(H2O) x C(H2O) x [ Temp(equil) – Temp(H2O) ]

Where M(un) = 0.125kg, C(un) = specific heat capacity of unknown substance = ?, Temp(un) = 95oC, Temp(equil) = 32oC, M(Al) = 0.150kg, C(Al) = specific heat capacity of aluminum = 921.096J/KgoC, Temp(Al) = 25.0oC, M(H2O) = 0.285Kg, C(H2O)= specific heat capacity of liquid water = 4,200J/KgoC

Temp(H2O) = 25.0oC

That is,

0.125 x C(un) x (95-32) = 0.150 x 921.096 x (32-25) + 0.285 x 4200 x (32-25)

C(un) x 0.125 x 63 = 0.150 x 921.096 x 7 + 0.285 x 4200 x 7

C(un) x 7.875 = 967.1508 + 8379

C(un) x 7.875 = 9346.1508

C(un) = 9346.1508/7.875

C(un) = 1,186.813J/KgoC

mr Goodwill [35]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

c = 1163.34 J/kg.°C

Explanation:

Specific heat capacity:

"Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance per unit of mass. The specific heat capacity of a material is a physical property."

Use this equation:

mcΔT = ( mw c + mAl cAl )  ΔT'

Rearranging the equation to find the specific heat (c) you get this:

c = (( mw c + mAl cAl )  ΔT') / (mΔT)

c = (( 0.285 (4186) + (0.15)(900)) (32 -25.1)) / ((0.125) (95 - 32))

c = 1163.34 J/kg.°C

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Answer:

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Explanation:

See attachment for calculations on how i arrived at the answer

8 0
3 years ago
A paintball’s mass is 0.0032kg. A typical paintball strikes a target moving at 85.3 m/s.
vekshin1

Answer:

A)  If the paintball stops completely the magnitude of the change in the paintball’s momentum is  p=0.273kg*m/s

B) If the paintball bounces off its target and afterward moves in the opposite direction with the same speed, the change in the paintball’s momentum is  p=0.546kg*m/s

C) A paintball bouncing off your skin in the opposite direction with the same speed hurts more than a paintball exploding upon your skin because of the strength exerted is twice than if it explodes.

Explanation:

Hi

A) We use the formula of momentum p=mv, so we have p=0.0032kg*85.3m/s=0.273kg*m/s

B) We use the same formula above, then due we have a change of direction at the same speed, therefore the change in the momentum is the double so

p=2*0.0032kg*85.3m/s=0.546kg*m/s.

C) The average strength of the force an object exerts during impact is determined by the amount the object’s momentum changes. therefore

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4 0
3 years ago
what equastion do you use to solve Riders in a carnival ride stand with their backs against the wall of a circular room of diame
Hitman42 [59]

Answer:

μsmín = 0.1

Explanation:

  • There are three external forces acting on the riders, two in the vertical direction that oppose each other, the force due to gravity (which we call weight) and the friction force.
  • This friction force has a maximum value, that can be written as follows:

       F_{frmax} = \mu_{s} *F_{n} (1)

       where  μs is the coefficient of static friction, and Fn is the normal force,

       perpendicular to the wall and aiming to the center of rotation.

  • This force is the only force acting in the horizontal direction, but, at the same time, is the force that keeps the riders rotating, which is the centripetal force.
  • This force has the following general expression:

       F_{c} =  m* \omega^{2} * r (2)

       where ω is the angular velocity of the riders, and r the distance to the

      center of rotation (the  radius of the circle), and m the mass of the

      riders.

      Since Fc is actually Fn, we can replace the right side of (2) in (1), as

      follows:

     F_{frmax} = m* \mu_{s} * \omega^{2} * r (3)

  • When the riders are on the verge of sliding down, this force must be equal to the weight Fg, so we can write the following equation:

       m* g = m* \mu_{smin} * \omega^{2} * r (4)

  • (The coefficient of static friction is the minimum possible, due to any value less than it would cause the riders to slide down)
  • Cancelling the masses on both sides of (4), we get:

       g = \mu_{smin} * \omega^{2} * r (5)

  • Prior to solve (5) we need to convert ω from rev/min to rad/sec, as follows:

      60 rev/min * \frac{2*\pi rad}{1 rev} *\frac{1min}{60 sec} =6.28 rad/sec (6)

  • Replacing by the givens in (5), we can solve for μsmín, as follows:

       \mu_{smin} = \frac{g}{\omega^{2} *r}  = \frac{9.8m/s2}{(6.28rad/sec)^{2} *2.5 m} =0.1 (7)

5 0
2 years ago
A binary star system consists of two equal mass stars that revolve in circular orbits about their center of mass. The period of
Vladimir79 [104]

Answer:

m = 2.23 \times 10^{-32} kg

Explanation:

Given data:

PERIOD OF MOTION IS T = 25.5 days

orbital speeds = 220 km/s

we know that

acceleration due to centripetal force isa =   \frac{F}{m} = \frac{V^2}{r}

Gravitational forceF= \frac{Gm m}{d^2}

we know that

v = \frac{2\pi R}{T}

solving for

R = \frac{vT}{2\pi}

F = \frac{Gm^2}{4(\frac{vT}{2\pi})^2}

F = G\times \frac{\pi m}{(vT)^2}

a = \frac{v^2}{\frac{vT}{2\pi}}

a = \frac{2\pi v}{T}

we know that

f =ma

G\times \frac{\pi m}{(vT)^2} = a = \frac{2\pi m v}{T}

solving for m

m = \frac{2Tv^3}{\pi G}

m = \frac{2\times 25.5 \times 86400 \times 220000^3\ m/s}{\pi \times 6.67\times 10^{-11}}

m = 2.23 \times 10^{-32} kg

5 0
3 years ago
A plastic tube allows a flow of 15.9 cm3 /s of water through it. how long will it take to fill a 237 cm3 bottle with water? answ
xxMikexx [17]
You are given a fixed rate of 15.9 cm³/s. You are also given with the amount of volume in 237 cm³. Through the approach of dimensional analysis, you can manipulate through operations such that the end result of the units must be in seconds. The solution is as follows:

237 cm³ * (1 s/15.9 cm³) = 14.9 seconds
7 0
3 years ago
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